The joys of having freshwater aquarium fish as pets are well-known by amateur and skilled hobbyists alike. With a seemingly endless variety of species, a novice fish keeper may be faced with some tough options. Which types of fish should I get? How many?
A good means of making your choices is to pick the species which have been proven to be appropriate beginner fish. Generally they are hardy, little in size, they aren't picky eaters, (some fish will not only consume "live" foods) they don't produce massive amounts of waste, have a harmonious disposition and will tolerate other fish. (This means they are not particularly territorial) These traits make them easy to take care of.
It would be good to set up your freshwater aquarium in the appropriate environment that your fish are accustomed to. For example, if you have lots of schooling fish, make sure to leave ample space for them to draw together and swim. If you have a fish that is generally shy or secretive, give him a few hiding spots. Doing some research on the traits of the fish you decide to keep will assure that your wet pets are happy.
Now, onto the types...
Tetras - These are perhaps the most common starter fish available. There are numerous kinds and all are very inexpensive. As they are regarded as "schooling" fish, they do well in groups of 6 or more.
Minnows, Danios, Rasboras, and Barbs - Very hardy. They are available in multiple colours and design patterns. Interesting, if not endearing schooling behavior.
Gouramis - Generally peaceful, they have an interesting appearance and come in various colors. There is also a type of this species known as "kissing" gourami. Definitely these fish can add a bit of personality to your tank.
Guppies, Platies, and Swordtails - Very colorful and have unique features. They stay small. (Usually, no more than 3 inches) Very peaceful and prosper in a community environment.
Loaches, Cory Cats, Plecostomus and other bottom feeders - Let's start with loaches. These fish have an exclusive look as they have a bottom oriented snout. Good for supporting your snail population, if you happen to have a problem with it. Usually secretive and nocturnal, these would do well in pairs.
Cory Cats are named fittingly so because they have what appear to be whiskers. They use these to sift the bottom for extra food. These guys are dynamic and seem to have lots of energy.
Plecostomus are a good addition because they primarily feed on algae and excess food. They have tough scales and have a suction cup mouth. They are quite interesting to watch when feeding. There are some rare 'plecos' which do cost more, but the common ones are widely available and fairly cheap.
One important aspect you must regard, is the size of your tank (it is usually advisable to have no less than 10-15 gallons) will determine the number of fish that are suitable to have. A general rule of thumb is one inch of fish for each gallon of water. Do not make the common mistake of overpopulating your starter tank. If you do, you will soon find the levels of unsafe chemicals (produced by waste) will quickly get out of hand.
Keep your freshwater aquarium fish happy and well and they will provide you with an interesting, if not relaxing view into their world.
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